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Assalamualaikum...some knowledge about concrete!!

INTRODUCTION

           

Concrete is a manufactured construction material and widely used for structural constructions. Concrete can be define as a composite construction material, composed of cement (commonly Portland cement) and other cementations materials such , aggregate , water and some admixtures. Then, the term of workability in concrete is broadly defined as that property of freshly mixed concrete or mortar that determines the ease with which it can be mixed, placed, consolidated, and finished to a homogenous condition. The required workability for casting concrete depends on the type of construction, selected placement and consolidation methods, the complex shape of the formwork, and structural design details. Subsequently, compressive strength is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand axially directed pushing forces. When the limit of compressive strength is reached, materials are crushed.

OBJECTIVE 

1.      To determine the workability of the designed mix and compressive strength of concrete cubes.

2.      To exposed how to design the concrete mixture in real situation to student.

3.      To improve the team work and communication skills each group members and others during the experiment.

EQUIPMENT & MATERIAL

Equipment:

(i)                 Concrete cubes mould

(ii)               Vibrating tables

(iii)             Slump-test apparatus

(iv)             Weighting machine

(v)               Curing tank

(vi)             Concrete compression machine

Materials (Concrete mix design for 3 cubes):

(i)                   Cement – 3.5 kg

(ii)                 Sand – 7 kg

(iii)               Aggregate – 14kg

PROCEDURE

1.      We begin with design a concrete mix according to a ratio of 1: 2: 4 (cement: sand: gravel).

       

2.      Then, some of our group members clean the mould with petrol. This step for uncomplicated when want place the concrete mix soon. In other hand, the rest prepare material required to produce 3 concrete cubes size 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm mould.

3.      Next is the material batched and mix according to BS 1881: Part 125: 1983 (Methods for mixing and sampling fresh concrete in the laboratory).

4.      Determine the workability of the designed mix by slump test with reference to BS 1881: Part 102: 1983 (Method for determination of slump). Slump test that do must follow the slump test procedure with properly.

       

5.      Cast 3 concrete cubes for compressive strength with compression machine at 7 and 28 days, respectively with reference to BS 1881: Part 116: 1983 (Method for determination of compressive strength of concrete cubes).

Tahukah anda???

Sejarah permainan FUTSAL

>Futsal telah dimulakan di Montevideo, Uruguay, pada tahun 1930 apabila Juan Carlos Ceriani telah mencipta suatu versi bola sepak bagi pertandingan di YMCA.^[1] Di Brazil, versi ini telah dibangunkan di jalanan Sao Paulo, dan akhirnya satu buku peraturan telah diterbitkan.

>Sukan ini telah mula merebak merentasi Amerika Selatan, dan popularitinya memastikan bahawa satu badan pentadbir telah dibentuk di bawah nama FIFUSA (Federación Internacional de Fútbol de Salón) pada tahun 1971, bersama-sama dengan Kejohanan Dunia. Kejohanan Dunia FIFUSA telah diadakan di São Paulo, dengan tuanrumahnya adalah Brazil menjuarai kejohana tersebut mendahului Paraguay dan Uruguay.



>Semakin ramai negara yang menyertainya di Kejohanan Dunia kedua di Madrid pada tahun 1985.^[2] Oleh kerana terdapat satu pertikaian di antara FIFA dan FIFUSA terhadap pentadbiran fútbol, maka FIFUSA telah mencipta nama fut-sal pada tahun 1985.